![]() ![]() This effort can sometimes take the form of merely emphasizing to Congress the value of their bureaucratic task, but it also means the bureaucracy will attempt to maximize its budget by depleting all its allotted resources each year. This means bureaucrats, especially at the highest levels, recognize that limited resources are available to feed bureaucracies, so they will work to enhance the status of their own bureaucracy to the detriment of others. The acquisitive model proposes that bureaucracies are naturally competitive and power-hungry. One such model is called the acquisitive model of bureaucracy. Later sociologists have not always looked so favorably upon bureaucracies, and they have developed alternate models to explain how and why bureaucracies function. The Acquisitive Modelįor Weber, as his ideal type suggests, the bureaucracy was not only necessary but also a positive human development. Such efforts would eliminate entrenched patronage, stop problematic decision-making by those in charge, provide a system for managing and performing repetitive tasks that required little or no discretion, impose order and efficiency, create a clear understanding of the service provided, reduce arbitrariness, ensure accountability, and limit discretion. Furthermore, specialized bureaucrats would be better able to solve problems through logical reasoning. Therefore, the ideal type of bureaucracy, the Weberian model, was one in which agencies are apolitical, hierarchically organized, and governed by formal procedures. Weber argued that the increasing complexity of life would simultaneously increase the demands of citizens for government services. The classic model of bureaucracy is typically called the ideal Weberian model, and it was developed by Max Weber, an early German sociologist. Each model highlights specific traits that help explain the organizational behavior of governing bodies and associated functions. Sociologists, however, have developed a number of models for understanding the process. This complexity, and the fact that they are organizations composed of human beings, can make it challenging for us to understand how bureaucracies work. MODELS OF BUREAUCRACYīureaucracies are complex institutions designed to accomplish specific tasks. These motivations, sociologists have discovered, are designed to benefit and perpetuate the bureaucracies themselves. ![]() Without the patronage network, bureaucracies form their own motivations. Severing these ties, as has occurred in the United States over the last century and a half, has transformed the way bureaucracies operate. The patronage system tied the livelihoods of civil service workers to their party loyalty and discipline. Turning a spoils system bureaucracy into a merit-based civil service, while desirable, comes with a number of different consequences. Identify the different types of federal bureaucracies and their functional differences.Explain the three different models sociologists and others use to understand bureaucracies.By the end of this section, you will be able to: ![]()
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